A brief description of IVF

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process in which an egg cell is fertilized by a sperm cell outside the body.

The word "in vitro" means Outside the Body!!
And "in vivo" means Inside the Body!!

Any process which is done outside the body that particular process is called in vitro process.

Here Fertilization is done outside the body (e.g:- in a laboratory or clinic). Therefore it is called In vitro Fertilization (IVF).

IVF is used as a major treatment for infertility. Generally, it is used to overcome female infertility due to any problem with the fallopian tubes, making fertilization in vivo difficult.

It is also used in the case of male infertility, where there is a defect in sperm quality or when sperm counts are relatively low. In such case, Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is used, where a single sperm cell is directly injected into the egg cell. This is used when sperm has a difficulty in penetrating the egg cell.

Basically, IVF is done when all other Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) have failed.


BASIC PRINCIPLE OF IVF

First of all, Ovum or Ova (egg cells) are harvested from an ovary of a female by a hormonal treatment and simultaneously, some amount of sperms are collected from a male through the natural ejaculation. The motile sperms and mature ova are then mixed in a test tube containing the medium favourable for fertilization process. After the fertilization, the Zygote is kept for incubation to develop an embryo. After the incubation period, the developed embryo is then transferred to the mother's uterus for a successful pregnancy.


RESULTS

Rate of Success of IVF vary widely between the clinics and also between the physicians performing the procedure.
The implantation does not guarantee pregnancy. Therefore, the procedure may have to be repeated more than once to achieve pregnancy.

There are chances of multiple pregnancy, which has to be abort spontaneously, if the health of the mother is at risk.
The number of multiple pregnancies have decreased in the recent years as technical advances and professional guidelines have led to implanting of fewer embryos per attempt.


DOWNLOAD POWERPOINT PRESENTATION OF IVF :-

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In Vitro Fertilization.pptx